%Schriftgröße, Layout, Papierformat, Art des Dokumentes
\documentclass[10pt,oneside,a4paper]{scrartcl}

%Einstellungen der Seitenränder
\usepackage[left=2cm,right=2cm,top=1.5cm,bottom=1.5cm,includeheadfoot]{geometry}

%neue Rechtschreibung
\usepackage[ngerman]{babel}

%Umlaute ermöglichen
\usepackage[utf8]{inputenc}

%Gesamtseitenzahl
\usepackage{lastpage}

% Kopf- und Fußzeile
\usepackage[automark]{scrpage2}

%Quellcode-Listings
\usepackage{listings}

%Hyperlinks
\usepackage{hyperref}

% \text{}
\usepackage{amsmath}

%multi-row
\usepackage{multirow}

\usepackage{array}

%Kopfzeile
\ihead{CCNA v7.0 Enterprise Networking, Security, and Automation}
\chead{}
\ohead{kohnlehome.de/netz/CCNA-3-13.pdf}
\setheadsepline{0.5pt}

%Fußzeile
\setfootsepline{0.5pt}
\ifoot{Franz Kohnle}
\cfoot{Seite \thepage\ von  \pageref{LastPage}}
\ofoot{\today}

\pagestyle{scrheadings}

\begin{document}

% Überschrift 
\begin{center}
    \LARGE % Schriftgröße
    \bfseries % Fettdruck
    \sffamily % Serifenlose Schrift
    13 Network Virtualization
\end{center}

\section*{13.1 Cloud Computing}
\begin{itemize}
    \item Cloud Services
    \begin{itemize}
        \item Software as a Service (SaaS): Anwendungen: Office 365
        \item Platform as a Service (PaaS): OS, Entwicklungstools
        \item Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS): CPU, Speicher, Netzwerk 
    \end{itemize}
    \item Cloud Models
    \begin{itemize}
        \item Public clouds: MS Teams, ...
        \item Private clouds: nur für eine Organisation
        \item Hybrid clouds: Aufteilung der Daten
        \item Community clouds: wie private, aber von mehreren Unternehmen gemiensam genutzt        
    \end{itemize}
    \item Cloud computing vs. Data center
    \begin{itemize}
        \item Data Center: physical facilities:  compute, network, and storage 
        \item Cloud computing: off-premise service      
    \end{itemize}
\end{itemize}

\section*{13.2 Virtualization}
\begin{itemize}
    \item Abstraction Layers
    \begin{itemize}
        \item Services
        \item OS
        \item Firmware
        \item Hardware
    \end{itemize} 
    \item Type 2 Hypervisor
    \begin{itemize}
        \item Hardware, Host OS, Hypervisor, Guest-OS
        \item VMWare Workstation, VirtualBox, Parallels
    \end{itemize} 
    \item Type 1 Hypervisor (bare metal)
    \begin{itemize}
        \item Hardware, Hypervisor, Guest-OS
        \item require management console (e.g. Cisco UCS Manager)
        \item server over allocation: VMs haben insgesamt mehr RAM als Hardware 
        \item Hyper-V, KVM, VMware ESXi
    \end{itemize} 
\end{itemize}

\section*{13.3 Virtual Network Infrastructure}
\begin{itemize}
    \item Wenn VMs zwischen Servern verschoben werden, müssen VLANs angepasst werden
    \item East-West-Traffic:  innderhalb des Data Center zwischen VMs
    \item North-South-Traffic: distribution - core - offsite
    \item virtual routing and forwarding (VRF)
\end{itemize}

\section*{13.4 Software-Defined Networking (SDN)}
\subsection*{3 Schichten}
\begin{itemize}
    \item Management Plane: SSH, TFTP, SFTP, HTTPS, SNMP
    \item Control Plane: Routing-Protocols, Routing-Tables, STP, ARP-Table
    \item Data Plane (Forwarding Plane): forward traffic flows  
\end{itemize}

\subsection*{Traditional Architecture}
\begin{itemize}
    \item Jedes Gerät hat eigene Control Plane und Data Plane
    \item Cisco Layer-3-Switch: CEF (Cisco Express Forwarding)
    \begin{itemize}
        \item Control Plane: Routing Table, ARP Table pre-populate $\Rightarrow$
        \item Data Plane: FIB (Forwarding Information Base), adjacency table 
    \end{itemize}
\end{itemize}



\subsection*{Network Virtualization Technologies}
\begin{itemize}
    \item SDN Architecture
    \begin{itemize}
        \item Centralized Control Plane im SDN Controller
        \item OpenFlow: Protocol, Southbound-API (SDN-Controller - Data-Plane)
        \item OpenStack: virtualization and orchestration platform, IaaS solution 
    \end{itemize}
    \item ACI (Cisco Application Centric Infrastructure)
\end{itemize}

\section*{13.5 Controllers}
\subsection*{Elements of OpenFlow Switch}
\begin{itemize}
    \item flow: sequence of packets
    \item Flow Table:  incoming packets $\rightarrow$ flow $\rightarrow$ Group Table
    \item Group Table: triggers actions
    \item Meter Table: triggers performance-related actions
\end{itemize}

\subsection*{Cisco ACI (Application Centric Infrastructure)}
\begin{itemize}
    \item Hardware Solution
    \item Integrates cloud computing and data center management
    \item policy element is removed from data plan
    \item Application Network Profile (ANP): end-point groups (EPG), policies
    \item Application Policy Infrastructure Controller (APIC) 
    \begin{itemize}
        \item centralized software controller
        \item translates the application requirements into a network configuration
    \end{itemize}
    \item Cisco Nexus 9000 Series switches: application-aware switching fabric
    \item two-tier spine-leaf topology
    \begin{itemize}
        \item Spine: Cisco Nexus 9500 Series switches  
        \item Leafe: Cisco Nexus 9300 Series switches $\rightarrow$ APIC, Network devices
    \end{itemize} 
\end{itemize}

\subsection*{SDN Types}
\begin{itemize}
    \item Device-based SDN: (z.B. Cisco OnePK) Application $\rightarrow$ Data plane device
    \item Controller-based SDN: Application (OpenDaylight) $\rightarrow$ centralized controller (Cisco Open SDN) $\rightarrow$ Data plane device
    \item Policy-based SDN: Application (Cisco APIC-EM) $\rightarrow$ Policy layer $\rightarrow$ SDN controller $\rightarrow$ Data plane device
\end{itemize}

\end{document}
